Method of forming reenforced concrete structural members



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' VV. MITCHELL METHOD OnF--FORMING REENFRCED CONCRETE STRUCTURALXIIM'MIHIS4- june 10 W. MITCHELL METHOD OI'F FORMING REEIl"l}?ORCEDvCONCRETE STRUCTURAL MEMBERS Filed April 2, 1919 2 Shoots-Skiset. 2

atto/Wsw Patent .lune l, i924.

WIL MITCHELL, OF DETROIT, MIClHIGAIN'.

MTHOD 0F FOBMING REENFOBCED CONCRETE STRUG "l 'Il C:

Application led April 2,

To all 'whom tm/ay come/rn.'

Be it known that I, WILLIAM MITCHELL, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica,l residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State ofMichigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methodsof Forming Reenforced Concrete Structural Members, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had therein to theaccompanying drawings.

The invention relates to reenforced concrete structural members and themethod of forming the same. One object of the invention is to provide aconstruction which can be. readily and. cheaply manufactured and cantake the place of reenforced concrete constructions, in which it isnecessary to erect false-work for holding the cement while in plasticcondition. Another object is the provision of a construction in whichthe sides of the metallic reinforcin member are coated with cement tocomp etely encase the reinforcing member; and further, to shape to acontainer or hollow form the metallic reinforcin member and coat theinside and outside o the sam'e with cement so as to form a container inwhich plastic concrete may be poured and by which it will be retaineduntil hardened. A further object is to provide hollow constructionswhich can be assembled in relation to each other and then filled withlastic concrete. Other features of the invention reside in the method offorming the reinforcing concrete structural members, in their assemblyand filling, and in further advantages as more fully hereinafter setforth.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view-of a reenforced concrete`structuralmember embodyingrmy invention;

' igure 2 is a similar view of a modified construction Figures 3, 4 and5 are cross-sections of other modified constructions;

Figure 6 is a cross-section on the line 6-6 of Figure 4;

Figure 7 is a perspective view, with parts broken away, showing anassembly of some of the reenforced structural members;

Figure 8 is a cross-section through a portion of modified construction.

As shown in Figure 1, 1 is a metallic reinforcing member having a seriesof apertures or' meshes therein, such asl metal lath, which is coatedwith cement by drawing the` 1919. Serial No. 288,988.

` same through a bath of plastic cement.

This plastic cement extends through and closes the apertures or spacesin the reinforcing member and forms coatings or layers 2 on itssides .tocompletely encase the same. Before hardening of the coatings thesurfaces of either one or both are suitably nished so that the structureis finished and ready to be used after vthe cement has sufficientlyhardened. This construction is adapted for use particularly as siding`upon a building. Another method of coating the reinforcing member is toplace the same into a mold and pour the plastic cement into the mold tocoat both sides and pass through the apertures therein.

Figure 2 shows an apertured reinforcing member 3 bent into a channelshape and then coated outside and inside with cement by drawing the samethrough a bath of plastic cement', which cement extends through theframe lor reinforcing member and formscoatings or layers4 to completelyencase the reinforcing member. This cement, when hardened, forms animpervious construction which may be used in various ways, such asbeams, etc. If desired, these Figure 3 discloses another modified con-vstruction in vwhich the reinforcing member 5 is so formed that its sidesencloses a rectangular space. This reinforcing member is encased byintegral coatings of cement 6 by the same method as above described.This construction may be used as a wall section and can be strengthenedby connecting the ends of the reinforcing member 5 intermediate thesides before the same are coated by means of a suitable reinforcingstrip 7 and then coating all the sides by the above method. To make theconstruction still stronger, plastic concrete 8 may be poured into oneof the spaces betweenthe intermediate partition and'one of the sides,where it will be contained until hardened, the other space remainingempty so that an air spac will be formed in the sectlon.

As shown in Figure 4, 10 is a column having the basel 11, centralportion 12 and top 13. The base 11 has the apertured reinforcing member14 which is of substantially the same contour as the outer surface ofthe cement coated thereon by the above method. This base is filled withconcrete, thereby making a solid construction. The central portion 12has the apertured metallic reinforcing member 15, which has the coats 16upon its inside and outside which are formed as above described. The top13 has the metallic reinforcing 17 which, when the top is placed uponthe central portion 12, is in substantial alignment with the reinforcing15 of the central portion. 18 is a metallic reinforcing member extendingoutwardly and upwardly away from the lower edge of the reinforcing 17.This reinforcing 18 has substantially the same form as the outer contourof the coating of cement 19 encasing the reinforcing members.

ln erecting the column the base 11 is set up and the central portion 12placed upon the base and then the top portion 13 placed upon the centralportion. lf it is desired to strengthen the column, plastic concrete ispoured through the aperture in the top portion to lill the space withingthe central portion 12, as well as the central portion within the top,wall ties 20 being provided for more securely tying the concrete to theshell formed by the reinforcing with its coatings of cement. Thisconcrete does not enter the space between the upright and outwardly andupwardly flaring walls of the to v lin order to produce the desiredcontour of the base 11 and top 13, the outer coatings of cement aresuitably formed before the cement has hardened, preferably by scrapingod' part of the outer coating before hardening thereof to produce thedesired curves. f

As shown in Figure 6, the reinforcing used may be provided withprojections 21, which are not apertured, thereby strengthenin theconstruction.

lf it is desired to produce econstructions having recesses therein ofgreater depth than would be permitted by one coating of cement upon thereinforcing, the construction may be given a desired number of coatingsby passing the same through a number of baths after permitting thepreceding coating to slightly harden. This is shown in Figure 5 where 22is the reinforcing, 23 are the first coatings upon .the inside andoutside of the reinforcing and 24 are the second coatings upon theinside and outside of the previous coatings 23, which coatings areformed by the above method. formed outside the reinforcing 22, theserecesses being inthe present instances Hut-- ings in a column. ln orderto produce an external finished construction, the surfaces of the outercoatings are shaped and inished 25 are recesses neeaeie beforehardening, so that it is not necessary to finish the same aftererection.

. From the above, as thus far described, it will be readily seen that Thave provided a simple method of forming reenforced concrete structuralmembers in which the reinforcing is coated on its sides, as by passingthe reinforcing through a bath of plastic cement, or by casting thecement around the reinforcing. Furthermore, these coatings of cementclose the apertures in the reinforcing and form an imperviousconstruction which is adapted to retain plastic concrete withoutpermitting the escape of the cementitious liquid in this concrete. Dueto this construction, it is not necessary to erect false-work to retainthe plastic concrete. Furthermore, the structure formed has materialadvantages over constructions formed by the previous methods. Due to thecement and metallic reinforcing being closely bonded the construction isVery strong so that the quantity of reinforcing and concrete isconsiderably decreased. Furthermore, the surface of the outer coatingbeing finished durinof the manufacture, it is not necessary to plasteror otherwise nish the same after erection of the structure.

A very important feature of the invention resides in the structure shownin Figure 7, wherein 26 is a hollow reenforced cement column. 27 arehollow reenforced cement beams of channel shape extending between andresting u on the upperends of the columns 26. 28 are liollow reenforcedcement Hoor sections of channel or lll-shape which extend betweenparallel-extending beams 27 and are mounted thereon. Specifically, thesefloor sections have the upwardly-extending anges 29 at their ends whichterminate in laterall extending flanges 30 which rest upon t e upperedges of the beams 27. These columns, beams and floor sections areformed by the above method and, when assembled, form series ofimpervious shells9 which are adapted to contain plastic concrete pouredthereinto without the necessity of usin false-work. This plasticconcrete is eontlnuous so that in leffect a monolithic uildingconstruction is secured for each oor.

As shown in the modified construction in Figure 8, the beam 31 is ofmore rounding shape and the flanges 32 at the ends of the door sections33 extendupwardly and outwardly and conform to the outer curvature ofthe upper portion of the beams.

Tt will readily be seen from the above descriptions that T have providedhollow reenforced vstructural forms which may be readily :assembled inrelation to each other vand which, when assembled, are adapted tocontain plastic concrete `which will continuously form the floorsections and beams and lll@ extend through the column.: This construc-13o tion and the method of building is highly advantageous inasmuch asthe building may be more readily and cheaply manufactured and,furthermore, consume less time, since the columns, beams, floor sectionsand any other 4necessary sections may be brought to the place ofassembly and assembled immediately. The outer surfaces of these sections'are finished before assembly, which also facilitates the constructionof the building. lVhat I claim as my invention is: 1. The method. offorming a reenforced vstructural member which consists in first shapingthe member and subsequently passing said member through a bath ofplastic cement to completely encase said member.

2. The method of forming a reenforced structural member, comprising thebending- 3. The method of forming a reenforced concrete structuralmember, comprising the bending of 'an apertured reinforcing member tohollow shape, the passing of the member through lastic cement to fillthe apertures of andp coat the inside and outside thereof, the allowingof the hardening of the cement to form an impervious hollow unitconstruction, and the filling of the hollow member with plasticconcrete. l

4. The method of forming a reenforced concrete structural member,comprising the forming of an apertured reinforcing member to enclose a sace, the passing of the member through p astic cement to coat the insideandl outside thereof, the allowing of the hardening of the cement uponthe member to form an impervious reenforced shell, and the filling ofthe space in the shell with plastic concrete.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

, WILLIAM MITCHELL.

